养老公寓历史发展
Historical Development of Pension Apartments
美国在1935年《社会保障法》通过以前,各州政府已有老年公寓的设置;1935年后,开始大规模兴建,主要为有经济基础的老年人设立。英国于1948年实施国民救助法时,规定每一都市政府要为贫困无家的老年人设置老年公寓,都市政府如财力不足,可与慈善团体合力兴建。
Before the adoption of the Social Security Act in 1935, the state
governments had established apartments for the elderly; after 1935,
large-scale construction began, mainly for the elderly with economic
foundation. When the National Assistance Act was enacted in 1948, it was
stipulated that every city government should set up apartments for the
elderly who were poor and homeless. If the city government had
insufficient financial resources, it could work with charitable
organizations to build apartments for the elderly.
中国从70年代末、80年代初开始,在上海、北京、天津、大连、烟台等地兴建老年公寓。此后,各种形式的由国家、社会或企业建立的老年公寓在各地相继出现。
Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, apartments for the elderly have
been built in Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian and Yantai. Since then,
various forms of apartments for the elderly established by the state,
society or enterprises have emerged in various places.
中国老龄科研中心政策室曾对北京1600余名50岁以上的中老年人大调查,希望入住老年公寓的人数达1000余人,一些老年公寓还出现人满为患的局面,老年公寓正日益获得老年人的欢迎。
The Policy Office of China Aging Research Center has surveyed more than 1
600 middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old in Beijing. More
than 1,000 people want to live in apartments for the aged. Some
apartments for the aged are still overcrowded. Apartments for the aged
are increasingly welcomed by the elderly.
该市最早的老年公寓是1996年社会福利院开办的,有自理、半护、全护服务,且收费不一。近几年各个县的福利院也正积
州苗木 保定通风管道 丝网立柱模具 尼龙输送带 保定防水 保定空压机 高碑店养老院极扩建为综合福利服务性的老年居住场所,像条件比较好的隆化、宽城、承德县、营子的老年公寓已经有一些老年人入住,但数量并不多。
The earliest old people's apartment in this city was opened in 1996 by
the Social Welfare Institute. It has self-care, half-care and full-care
services, and the charges vary. In recent years, welfare homes in
various counties are also actively expanding to provide comprehensive
welfare services for the elderly, such as Longhua, Kuancheng, Chengde
County, Yingzi old people's apartments have been occupied by some
elderly people, but the number is not large.
2009年之后,很多老年公寓,已经不再是独立的慈善或者福利机构,反而变成了一种需求,甚至有人在未有退休之前就开始预订老年公寓。
After 2009, many apartments for the elderly, no longer an independent
charity or welfare institution, have become a demand, and some people
even begin to book apartments for the elderly before they retire.